Возвратные местоимения myself / yourself / themselves и др. в английском

A

Изучите следующий пример:

Steve introduced himself to the other guests.
Стив представил себя другим гостям.

Мы используем myself/yourself/himself и др. (reflexive pronouns - возвратные местоимения), когда подлежащее (subject) и дополнение (object) – одно и то же:

Возвратными местоимениями являются:

ед. ч. myself yourself (один человек) himself/hercocky/itcocky
мн. ч. ourselves yourselves (больше, чем один человек) themselves
  • I don't desire you to pay for me. I'll pay for myself. (not I'll pay for me)
    Я не хочу, чтобы ты платил за меня. Я заплачу за себя.
  • Julia had a smashing holiday. She really enjoyed herself.
    Юлия отлично провела отпуск. Ей всё очень понравилось (досл.: она очень довольна собой.)
  • Do you talk to yourself sometimes? (при обращении к одному человеку)
    Ты разговариваешь с собой иногда?
  • If you desire more to eat, help yourselves. (при обращении к более чем одному человеку)
    Если захотите добавки, накладывайте себе сами.

Сравните:

  • It's not our fault. You can't arraign the states.
    Это не наша вина. Ты не можешь винить нас.
  • Information technology's our own fault. Nosotros should blame ourselves.
    Это наша вина. Мы должны винить только себя (досл.: нас).

B

Мы не используем myself и др. после feel/relax/concentrate/run across:

  • I feel nervous. I can't relax.
    Я нервничаю. Не могу расслабиться.
  • Y'all must try and concentrate. (not concentrate yourself)
    Тебе нужно постараться сосредоточиться.
  • What time shall nosotros run across? (non meet ourselves, not run into us)
    Во сколько встречаемся?

Мы обычно используем wash/shave/dress без myself и др. :

  • He got upward, done, shaved and dressed. (not washed himself и т.п.)
    Он встал, помылся, побрился и оделся.

Вы также можете сказать get dressed (He got dressed).

C

Сравните -selves и each other:

  • Kate and Joe stood in front of the mirror and looked at themselves. (= Kate and Joe looked at Kate and Joe - на себя.)
  • Kate looked at Joe; Joe looked at Kate. They looked at each other. (друг на друга)

Вы можете использовать one another вместо each other:

  • How long take y'all and Bill known each other? или ... known one another?
  • Sue and Ann don't like each other. или ... don't like ane another.
  • Practice yous and Sarah live near each other? или ... nearly 1 another?

D

Другой пример:

  • 'Who repaired your bike for you?' 'I repaired it myself.'
    'Кто отремонтировал тебе твой велосипед?' 'Я отремонтировал его сам.'

I repaired information technology myself = отремонтировал его я, а не кто-нибудь другой. Здесь, myself акцентирует внимание на 'я' (= подчёркивает, придает особое значение). Еще примеры:

  • I'1000 not going to do your work for y'all. You can exercise it yourself. (= ты, не я)
  • Permit's paint the firm ourselves. Information technology will be much cheaper.
  • The film itself wasn't very proficient, merely I loved the music. (Сам по себе фильм... или Сам фильм...)
  • I don't retrieve Liz will get the job. Liz herself doesn't call up she'll get information technology. (или Liz doesn't call back she'll get it herself. – Лиза сама́ не...)

Упражнения

1. Закончите предложения, используя myself/yourself и др. + следующие глаголы (в правильной форме):

blame burn down bask limited injureintroduce put

  1. Steve to the other guests at the party.
  2. Bill vicious down some steps, but fortunately he didn't .
  3. It isn't Sue'due south fault. She really shouldn't .
  4. Delight try and understand how I feel. in my position.
  5. The children had a swell time at the embankment. They really .
  6. Be careful! That pan is very hot. Don't .
  7. Sometimes I can't say exactly what I mean. I wish I could better.

Key

2. Вставьте myself/yourself/ourselves и др. или me/you/us и др.

  1. Julia had a neat vacation. She enjoyed .
  2. Information technology's not my fault. You lot can't blame .
  3. What I did was really bad. I'm aback of .
  4. Nosotros've got a trouble. I hope you can help .
  5. 'Can I have another beige?' 'Of form. Assist !'
  6. You must run across Sarah. I'll innovate to her.
  7. Don't worry about the states. We can look after .
  8. I gave them a primal to our business firm so that they could allow in.
  9. I didn't desire anybody to meet the letters, so I burned .

Key

3. Закончите эти предложения. Используйте myself/yourself и др., только если необходимо. Используйте следующие глаголы (в правильной форме):

concentrate defend dry feel come across relaxshave wash

  1. Martin decided to grow a bristles because he was fed upwardly with .
  2. I wasn't very well yesterday, but I much better today.
  3. I climbed out of the swimming pool and with a towel.
  4. I tried to written report, merely I couldn't .
  5. If somebody attacks you, you lot need to be able to .
  6. I'm going out with Chris this evening. We're at 7.thirty.
  7. Yous're always rushing around. Why don't you sit down and ?
  8. There was no water, and then we couldn't .

Key

4. Закончите предложения, используя -selves или each other.

  1. How long take you and Bill known ?
  2. If people piece of work too hard, they can brand ill.
  3. I need you and you demand me. Nosotros demand .
  4. In Britain friends frequently give presents at Christmas.
  5. Some people are very selfish. They only retrieve of .
  6. Tracy and I don't see very often these days.
  7. Nosotros couldn't go back into the firm. We had locked out.
  8. They've had an argument. They're non speaking to at the moment.
  9. Nosotros'd never met before, so we introduced to .

Key

5. Закончите ответы на вопросы, используя myself/yourself/itself и др.

  1. — Who repaired the bike for you?
    — Nobody. I .
  2. — Who cuts Brian's pilus for him?
    — Nobody. He cuts .
  3. — Practise you want me to post that letter for you lot?
    — No, I'll .
  4. — Who told you that Linda was going abroad?
    — Linda .
  5. — Tin can you phone John for me?
    — Why can't you ?

Key

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